{"id":952,"date":"2021-11-26T10:37:45","date_gmt":"2021-11-26T08:37:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=952"},"modified":"2021-11-26T10:37:45","modified_gmt":"2021-11-26T08:37:45","slug":"olaganustu-hal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=952","title":{"rendered":"OLA\u011eAN\u00dcST\u00dc H\u00c2L"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Se\u00e7im ihtimali d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201cdemokrasi\u201dyi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran hi\u00e7bir mekanizmas\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f bir devlette egemenlik tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egemenli\u011fin kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z ya da asgari d\u00fczeyde millete ait olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan b\u00fct\u00fcn anayasal kurumlar\u0131n, siyas\u00ee iktidar\u0131 idar\u00ee ve mali olarak denetleyen b\u00fct\u00fcn devlet ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n bilin\u00e7li bir \u00e7abayla yok edildi\u011fi, \u00fcstelik y\u00f6netilemeyen ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc modern \u00f6rg\u00fctten yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halk\u0131n \u00f6nceki gibi y\u00f6netilmek istemedi\u011fi bir kriz toplumunda sorulmas\u0131 gereken soru \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cOla\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2le kim karar verir\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Buradaki \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l\u201di bildi\u011fimiz OHAL\u2019le kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerekir.  Toplumun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc ve Devlet\u2019in gelece\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyen (beka sorunu!), siyas\u00ee iktidar\u0131n mevcut anayasan\u0131n ve kanunlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde yer almas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verecek kadar \u00f6nemli bir durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2ldir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durum ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hukuk siyas\u00ee iktidar\u0131n emrine girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nitekim Nazilerin Hukuk \u015eefi Dr. Hans Frank, \u201cNasyonal Sosyalist ideolojinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hukukun ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur,\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle bu durumu \u00f6zetlemi\u015ftir. \u0130ktidar partisinin benimsedi\u011fi ideolojinin naslar\u0131 (nus\u00fbs), topluma dayat\u0131lan hegemonik yap\u0131s\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hukukun \u00fczerindedir. Nurnberg Mahkemesi\u2019nde yarg\u0131land\u0131ktan sonra idam edilen, cesedi yak\u0131l\u0131p  Isar Nehri\u2019ne serpilen (1946) Hans Frank,  Alman yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131na  \u015fu talimat\u0131 vermi\u015fti: \u201cVerece\u011finiz her kararda \u00f6nce kendinize \u015funu sorunuz: \u2018Benim yerimde F\u00fchrer olsayd\u0131 nas\u0131l karar verirdi?\u2019 \u201d (W. Shirer, Nazi \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<\/em>, c. 1, A\u011fao\u011flu 1970, s. 426).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Burada art\u0131k anayasa i\u015flevini kaybetmi\u015ftir, hatta fiilen mevcut de\u011fildir; parlamentoda \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu elde ederek iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7iren siyas\u00ee parti kendisini her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yasay\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hisseder; kendi program\u0131n\u0131 anayasaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir, yasama-y\u00fcr\u00fctme-yarg\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini parti organlar\u0131nda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlarla yerine getirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her sorunu, i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fti\u011fi Saray\u2019\u0131n yald\u0131zl\u0131 salonunda toplanan atanm\u0131\u015f dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131yla m\u00fczakere eder; ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131 basit bir teknik ayg\u0131ta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olan parlamentoya her durumda onaylatabilecektir. Parlamento art\u0131k bir tasdik makam\u0131d\u0131r ve iktidar partisi muhalefet partilerini ve onlar\u0131 destekleyen kitleleri, neyin ger\u00e7ek, do\u011fru ve uygun oldu\u011funa ikna etmek gibi bir k\u00fclfete katlanmak zorunda de\u011fildir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc h\u00fckmedebilmek i\u00e7in gerekli \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa (mesela 50 + 1) sahip olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2le karar verebilir; \u00fclkenin varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karabilir, kara para aklayabilir, taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u201ckurtulu\u015f sava\u015f\u0131\u201dna (!)  \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rabilir, \u00fclkeyi jeostratejik bir meta olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlere satabilir;  kendisine biat eden silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00f6rg\u00fctleyebilmi\u015fse iktidar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131karabilir;  parlamentodaki \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu kaybedece\u011fini saptamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde  muhalif partileri kapat\u0131p genel ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131 tutuklayabilir. Bunlar\u0131 beceremeyecek olsa bile niyet edebilir, giri\u015fimde bulunabilir. Egemendir. Egemenli\u011fi ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Ve teknik olarak kanun koyucu bir mafya \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcnden farks\u0131zd\u0131r;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 Nazi hukuk\u00e7usu Carl Schmitt (1888-1985) \u201cEgemen kimdir?\u201d sorusuna \u015fu cevab\u0131 vermi\u015ftir: \u201cEgemen, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2le karar verendir.\u201d Schmitt\u2019e g\u00f6re egemenli\u011fi \u201csoyut olarak\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmak spek\u00fclasyondur; \u00f6nemli olan \u201csomut uygulama\u201dd\u0131r; \u201cyani, bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131k durumunda kamusal \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 veya devletin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n\u0131, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve d\u00fczenini \u2026 neyin olu\u015fturdu\u011funa kimin karar verece\u011fi\u201ddir (Carl Schmitt, Siyasi \u0130lahiyat<\/em>,   Dost  2014, s. 14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki karar\u0131 veren, iktidar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcremeyecek \u015fekilde zay\u0131flarsa, kendi i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye ba\u015flarsa ne olur?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, kendi siyas\u00ee partisini, besleyip g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131n\u0131, kendisine ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 medyay\u0131 elde tutmak i\u00e7in gerekli militan ayg\u0131tlar\u0131, denetleyici komiserler \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturamam\u0131\u015fsa; gerekti\u011finde i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fi silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00f6rg\u00fctleyememi\u015fse; \u00fcstelik geni\u015f se\u00e7men kitleleri nezdinde me\u015frulu\u011funu kaybetmi\u015f ve halk\u0131n, eski deyimle, \u201cm\u00e2\u015feri \u015fuuru\u201dnda (toplum vicdan\u0131) mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015fse ne olur?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Bu durumda se\u00e7imleri kaybeder ve bir ba\u015fka siyas\u00ee parti ya da partiler koalisyonu, iti\u015fip kak\u0131\u015farak, biraz \u00e7at\u0131\u015farak ya da en k\u00f6t\u00fc durumda kan revan i\u00e7inde iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irir. Bu kez yeni iktidar \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l\u201de karar verir. Durum ger\u00e7ekten ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na kendi program\u0131n\u0131 ya da mutab\u0131k kal\u0131nan bir koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmeti program\u0131n\u0131 anayasaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr; kendi kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak yola devam eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0130\u00e7 sava\u015f benzeri se\u00e7im m\u00fccadelesinden net ve kabul edilebilir bir sonu\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131kmazsa, devlet da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p yok olmayaca\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, asker ve sivil b\u00fcrokrasi duruma el koyar. O da \u201cola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l\u201de karar verir ve devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemi amans\u0131z bir totaliter rejime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek silah zoruyla egemen olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Egemenli\u011fin kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z millete ait oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatacak olan tek \u015fey halk hareketinden \u00e7\u0131kacak bir Mill\u00ee \u0130rade\u2019nin  etnik\/din\u00ee\/cinsel fark g\u00f6zetmeden  yurtta\u015flar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 temsil edecek bir Kurucu Meclis toplamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ne kadar kaotik olursa olsun halk hareketlerinin terbiye edici \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck devrimler ve tarihe ge\u00e7mi\u015f her t\u00fcrl\u00fc Toplum S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi arkas\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir halk hareketini alarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.   Bu hareketler mevcut siyas\u00ee toplumu, i\u00e7indeki b\u00fct\u00fcn partileri, gruplar\u0131, fraksiyonlar\u0131 ve e\u011filimleriyle birlikte terbiye eder, ay\u0131klar, onlara HAK\u0130KAT\u2019i g\u00f6sterir. Yurtta\u015flar\u0131n taleplerini ve durumlar\u0131n\u0131 hareket h\u00e2linde dile getirmeleri, halk\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc harekete ge\u00e7irir, bilincini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr, toplumlar\u0131n kaderini, tarihin gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir; mevcut masay\u0131 devirir ve yeni bir masan\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yolu a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Aksi h\u00e2lde, mevcut masan\u0131n \u00fczerine her kim \u00e7\u0131karsa \u00e7\u0131ks\u0131n ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2le karar verecek ve kendi egemenli\u011fini topluma dayatacakt\u0131r. Halk hareketlerinin, b\u00fcy\u00fck isyanlar\u0131n terbiyesinden ge\u00e7memi\u015f bir \u00fclkede demokrasinin \u201cd\u201dsini bulamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Tarihte \u00f6rne\u011fi yoktur.  Art\u0131k kimse size yukar\u0131dan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, demokrasi ve yurtta\u015fl\u0131k haklar\u0131 vermeyecektir. Veryans\u0131n<\/em>, 26. 11. 2021<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yavuz Alogan          Se\u00e7im ihtimali d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u201cdemokrasi\u201dyi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran hi\u00e7bir mekanizmas\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f bir devlette egemenlik tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konudur. Egemenli\u011fin kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z ya da asgari d\u00fczeyde millete ait olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan b\u00fct\u00fcn anayasal kurumlar\u0131n, siyas\u00ee iktidar\u0131 idar\u00ee ve mali olarak denetleyen b\u00fct\u00fcn devlet ayg\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n bilin\u00e7li bir \u00e7abayla yok edildi\u011fi, \u00fcstelik y\u00f6netilemeyen ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc modern \u00f6rg\u00fctten yoksun … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “OLA\u011eAN\u00dcST\u00dc H\u00c2L”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=952"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":954,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952\/revisions\/954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}