Yavuz Alogan <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hegemonya gayet netameli bir konudur. \u00c7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r: ideolojik hegemonya, siyasi hegemonya, askeri hegemonya, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hegemonya diye uzar gider. Bu hegemonyalar\u0131n hepsini ayn\u0131 anda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek derecede hegemon bir \u015fahsiyete d\u00fcnya tarihinde pek rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gramsci, bu hegemonya i\u015fiyle \u00e7ok u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hegemonyan\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6nce belirli bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ya da ideolojik z\u00fcmrenin temsilcili\u011fine soyunan bir hegemon ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Sonra bu hegemona, di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ve toplumsal katmanlar\u0131n iktisadi ve ideolojik nedenlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc boyun e\u011fmesi gerekir. Bu da yetmez, hegemonun bu boyun e\u011fme halinden yararlanarak g\u00fcc\u00fcne g\u00fc\u00e7 katmas\u0131, kendi \u00e7evresinden ba\u015flayarak b\u00fct\u00fcn bir y\u00f6netici tabakay\u0131 ve h\u00e2kim s\u0131n\u0131f unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru bir piramit gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek devletin ve toplumun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi, piramidin sivri ucuna da bizzat oturmas\u0131 \u015fart olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130\u015fin netameli yan\u0131 da bu noktada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, gayet sivri ve her y\u00f6nde kay\u0131p d\u00fc\u015febilece\u011finiz bir yerde oturuyorsunuz. Ne yapars\u0131n\u0131z? Silahlan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Ordunuz size yeterince itaat etmiyorsa, onu da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r, yerine a\u011f\u0131r silahlarla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f polis g\u00fc\u00e7lerini koyars\u0131n\u0131z. D\u0131\u015f destek arars\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130svi\u00e7re bankalar\u0131nda sekiz ayr\u0131 hesap a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. G\u00f6rsel ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Zira silah, para ve propaganda olmadan hegemonyay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fakat hegemonun ak\u0131ll\u0131 olmas\u0131 da \u015fartt\u0131r. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ne kadar oldu\u011funu, neye yetebilece\u011fini bilecek. Gaza gelmeyecek. J\u00fcl Sezar \u00e7ok ak\u0131ll\u0131yd\u0131 mesela. Tek hatas\u0131, devleti a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bi\u00e7imde merkezile\u015ftirerek b\u00fct\u00fcn yetkileri elinde toplama i\u015fini fazla abartmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bu abartma y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, \u201charmanisini ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ekerek kendisini insafs\u0131z has\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc han\u00e7er darbelerine teslim etti.\u201d Asl\u0131nda Hitler de fena de\u011fildi. Ba\u015fta Warlimont olmak \u00fczere generallerinin iki cephede sava\u015f\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu uyar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alsayd\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi 1940\u2019larda pek\u00e2la kurulabilirdi. Bir Roma-Cermen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu kurma h\u0131rslar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden muzaffer Sovyet top\u00e7usunun d\u00f6vd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda intihar etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ta\u015feron E\u015fba\u015fkan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hegemonyalar\u0131n en netamelisi d\u0131\u015f destekle kurulan i\u00e7 hegemonyad\u0131r. Burada hegemonun haddini hududunu bilmesi, hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131 bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7leri teredd\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek tuhaf hareketlerle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 vaatlerde bulunmamas\u0131, emperyalistlerin vaatlerine kanmamas\u0131, kendi emperyal hayallerine de fazla kap\u0131lmamas\u0131, hatta fazla konu\u015fmamas\u0131 gerekir. Cengiz \u00c7andar\u2019\u0131n g\u00e2vurca ifadesiyle \u201csub-contractor\u201d (ta\u015feron) mertebesindeki bir hegemon, e\u015fba\u015fkanl\u0131k s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 fazla a\u015fmamak, \u00fcstesinden gelemeyece\u011fi i\u015flere kalk\u0131\u015fmamak, hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7inde \u00e7atlatacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde harici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin gaz\u0131na gelmemek durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Daha a\u00e7\u0131k konu\u015fal\u0131m: e\u011fer hegemon kapal\u0131 kap\u0131lar ard\u0131nda, Suriye\u2019deki Selefileri \u00f6rg\u00fctleyip Nusayrileri devirebilece\u011fini; b\u00fct\u00fcn Ortado\u011fu b\u00f6lgesinde S\u00fcnnileri \u015eiiilerden, K\u00fcrtleri Araplardan koruyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ikincisini federatif olarak kendine ba\u011flayabilece\u011fini il\u00e2n ediyorsa; emperyalistlerin \u201cHadi o zaman\u201d dedikleri noktada durup \u015fartlar\u0131n olgunla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bekleyemez; her t\u00fcrl\u00fc provokasyona a\u00e7\u0131k bir ortamda Suriye\u2019yle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmak, \u0130srail u\u00e7aklar\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019a sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iki cephede birden emperyalist \u00e7\u0131karlar u\u011fruna kendi evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6kmek, Rusya ve \u00c7in\u2019i kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na almak zorunda kalabilir. \u00dcstelik \u00fclkenin Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131, Suriye\u2019deki olaylar bu \u00fclkenin i\u00e7 i\u015fleri kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r, umar\u0131z d\u00fczelir, mealinde s\u00f6zler sarf ediyorsa, hegemonun i\u015fi hi\u00e7 kolay de\u011fildir. Sonu gelmez kanl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n e\u015fi\u011finde durmakta, arkadan itilmekte, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fantajlara maruz kalmakta ve ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilememektedir. Davudi sesi ve im\u00e2m\u00ee tonlamas\u0131yla, her f\u0131rsatta a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 uzun konu\u015fmas\u0131, hatta validesinin mevlid-i \u015ferifi m\u00fcnasebetiyle al-i imran suresini bizzat okuyup cami hoparl\u00f6rlerinden d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki haziruna dinletmesi da belki bundand\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn Zaferi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Time<\/em> dergisine kapak olmu\u015f. Time<\/em> deyip ge\u00e7memek gerekir. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 25 milyon ki\u015finin okudu\u011fu; Ortado\u011fu, Afrika ve Latin Amerika\u2019dan Asya\u2019ya kadar yay\u0131lan \u00f6nemli bir haftal\u0131k dergidir. Kapa\u011f\u0131nda bir duda\u011f\u0131 yerde bir duda\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6kte bir Othello g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u015eekspir\u2019in, Arab\u0131n \u0130ntikam\u0131<\/em> ad\u0131yla T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye terc\u00fcme edilen \u00fcnl\u00fc Othello<\/em> oyununun tan\u0131t\u0131m afi\u015fi sanki. Resmin bir yan\u0131nda, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130slam\u00ee lideri \u00fclkesini bir g\u00fc\u00e7 merkezine (laik, demokratik, bat\u0131 dostu) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u201d; \u00f6teki yan\u0131nda ise \u201c\u2026fakat bu \u00f6rnek Arap bahar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarabilir mi?\u201d diye yazm\u0131\u015flar. Ben olsam \u201cArab\u0131n \u0130ntikam\u0131\u201d diye yazard\u0131m. Zira b\u00fcy\u00fck bir trajedi, be\u015f perdelik ger\u00e7ek bir facia-y\u0131 a\u015fk s\u00f6z konusu. \u0130ago\u2019nun (yani ABD) komplosuyla k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan Arap (yani Othello) kar\u0131s\u0131 Desdamona\u2019y\u0131 ihanetle su\u00e7lar ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, emperyalistlerin k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hegemon, en yak\u0131n kom\u015fusunu (Desdamona) \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in ordular ve tampon b\u00f6lgeler kurmaktad\u0131r. Bir piyes olarak Othello asl\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn zaferini anlat\u0131r. Arap, fazla h\u0131rsl\u0131 olmakla birlikte biraz saft\u0131r ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck esas olarak Iago\u2019nun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sinsi tuzaktan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130nk\u00e2r\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir belagat ve karizmaya sahip olan ba\u015fbakan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n daha ecnebi ve zarif, \u201cbat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131\u201d gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen pek \u00e7ok foto\u011fraf\u0131 varken, Time<\/em>\u2019\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131nda bu korkun\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcne yer verilmesi, ince bir oryantalist bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa vurman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra siyaseten de gayet anlaml\u0131d\u0131r. Onu resimde abus ve \u00e7at\u0131k \u00e7ehreli, kollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcnde kavu\u015fturmu\u015f vaziyette, biraz buru\u015fuk bir tak\u0131m elbise i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Emperyalizmin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 u\u011fruna sava\u015fmaya haz\u0131r bir gladyat\u00f6r, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Asya\u2019ya a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tutmu\u015f bir kap\u0131c\u0131lar keth\u00fcdas\u0131\u2026 Fakat \u00f6te yandan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, belki de S\u00fcnni alemini arkas\u0131na al\u0131p \u0130srail\u2019e ve Bat\u0131\u2019ya meydan okumaya haz\u0131rlanan bir m\u00fccahit gibi de yorumlanabilir. Nitekim resmin ortas\u0131nda \u201cErdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n Yolu\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131 var. Ne tarafa gidece\u011fi belli de\u011fil. Arab\u0131n intikam\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7inde Kemalizm\u2019i hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar, onun temsil etti\u011fi bat\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferleri de hedef al\u0131yor olabilir. Erdo\u011fan, bat\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131nda gayet dolamba\u00e7l\u0131 bir yol izliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yaz\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi gayet basit. Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na bir model ve bat\u0131yla bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, fakat bu yolda biraz fazla ileri gitti\u011fi, \u201cABD\u2019nin moderat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201dnden zaman zaman ayr\u0131larak \u0130srail\u2019le \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, fakat Malatya\u2019ya radar sisteminin kurulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmayarak ve Libya konusunda a\u011f\u0131z de\u011fi\u015ftirerek NATO\u2019ya olan sadakatini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi; Yeni Osmanl\u0131 emperyal e\u011filimleri ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi yeni bir \u0130ran\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmesinden \u00e7ok, yeni anayasayla kendisini bir Putin-Medevedev konumuna getirmesinden korkulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor ve ba\u015fbakan\u0131n \u015fu \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fcne yer veriliyor: \u201cDemokrasi istedi\u011finiz durakta inebilece\u011finiz bir tramvayd\u0131r.\u201d Hem alk\u0131\u015fl\u0131yorlar hem de kayg\u0131 duyuyorlar. Ne tarafa y\u00f6nelece\u011fi, hangi durakta inip ne yapaca\u011f\u0131 belli de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Abese varan diplomasi dili<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n ABD\u2019nin bu y\u0131l sonunda Irak\u2019tan askerlerini \u00e7ekmesi b\u00f6lgedeki g\u00fc\u00e7ler dengesini de\u011fi\u015ftirecek ve H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndan Irak\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir alanda askeri bir bo\u015fluk olu\u015facak. Bu durum n\u00fckleer silah edinmek \u00fczere ve daha \u015fimdiden Irak\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7lerine do\u011fru 20 km.lik bir alan\u0131 kontrol eden \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 marjinal olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kararak potansiyel bir h\u00e2kim g\u00fc\u00e7 konumuna getirecek. D\u00fcvel-i muazzaman\u0131n Suriye\u2019deki rejimi bir an \u00f6nce devirmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tela\u015f\u0131n, L\u00fcbnan ve T\u00fcrkiye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan Suriye muhalefetini \u00f6rg\u00fctleme, silahland\u0131rma ve askeri isyana e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm sa\u011flama \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n sebebi bu olsa gerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hillary Clinton ve Alain Juppe\u2019nin son s\u0131ralarda biraz \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrekli s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, Ba\u015fbakan\u2019\u0131n Dolmabah\u00e7e Saray\u0131\u2019nda Diyanet \u0130\u015fleri Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi Afrika k\u0131tas\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00fclke ve topluluklar\u0131 dini liderler zirvesinde (d\u0131\u015f temasa bak\u0131n\u0131z: dini liderler zirvesi!) Suriye\u2019ye adeta sava\u015f ilan etmesi, fakat bu arada Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn II. Elizabeth\u2019in davetine icabet etmeye ve Krali\u00e7e\u2019nin locas\u0131ndan klasik m\u00fczik konseri dinlemeye giderken, Suriye\u2019ye do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale etmeyeceklerini, ama kay\u0131ts\u0131z da kalamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131, fakat sorunu Suriye halk\u0131n\u0131n halledece\u011fini, ama bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 da istemediklerini s\u00f6yleyerek ve b\u00f6ylece diplomasi dilini abese vard\u0131rarak tuhaf bir kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sergilemesi, b\u00f6lgedeki b\u00fcy\u00fck siyasi ve askeri belirsizli\u011fi yans\u0131tman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, AKP kurmay\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir stratejiden yoksun oldu\u011funu, r\u00fczg\u00e2ra g\u00f6re yelken a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda alg\u0131 d\u00fczeyi bu kadar zay\u0131f, h\u0131rslar\u0131 imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 bu derece a\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir siyasi partinin iktidarda kalmas\u0131 ya da tek par\u00e7a halinde iktidardan inebilmesi, ancak Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bir mucizesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Asl\u0131nda kimse ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilemiyor gibi. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 hamleler bekleniyor. Fakat AKP\u2019nin esas olarak \u00fc\u00e7 cephede, Suriye-\u0130ran-PKK\u2019yla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma zorunlulu\u011fundan korktu\u011fu ve \u00f6ncelikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fc (PKK-KCK) bir an \u00f6nce tasfiye etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. ABD\u2019nin, \u0130ran, Suriye ve L\u00fcbnan Hizbullah\u0131\u2019ndan olu\u015fan \u00e7emberi Suriye\u2019deki iktidar\u0131 devirerek k\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi cepheye s\u00fcrmeye, AKP\u2019nin de buna direnmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ok uluslu bir m\u00fcdahalede \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fc oynamay\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi, fakat tek ba\u015f\u0131na Suriye\u2019ye sald\u0131rmay\u0131 reddetti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u0130ti\u015fme devam ederken, \u0130srail\u2019in iki konu \u00fczerinde odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor: M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ve Suriye\u2019de \u0130slamc\u0131 iktidarlar\u0131n kurulma ihtimali ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ilk n\u00fckleer f\u00fcze denemesini yapaca\u011f\u0131 an. Bu arada Rus sava\u015f gemileri \u201ckoruma\u201d g\u00f6revi yapmak \u00fczere Suriye\u2019nin Tartus liman\u0131na demirliyor ve Kuznetsov u\u00e7ak gemisi Cebelitar\u0131k\u2019tan do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019e do\u011fru yol al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Elbette b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk \u015firketlerinin de bulundu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 petrol kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Irak\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde ve g\u00fcneyinde yeni anla\u015fmalar yapmalar\u0131n\u0131, kapasite art\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve yeni nakliye g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131 belirlemelerini engellemiyor. Bat\u0131l\u0131 efendilerin diledikleri her \u015feyi t\u00fcketebilmeleri, tuvalete bile s\u00fcsl\u00fc arabalar\u0131yla gidebilmeleri i\u00e7in petrole ihtiya\u00e7 var. Ortado\u011fu petrol\u00fcn\u00fc millile\u015ftirecek Baas\u00e7\u0131lar da yok art\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kapitalizm b\u00fcy\u00fck iktisadi buhranlardan sava\u015fla \u00e7\u0131kar. Emperyalizmin ya\u011fma sava\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fcelloya de\u011fil, daha \u00e7ok mahalle kavgas\u0131na benzer. T\u00f6rensel de\u011fildir; kurallar\u0131 masa ba\u015f\u0131nda belirlenmez. Birisi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00a0mahallenin en g\u00fczel k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 kapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, di\u011feri ona bir kafa atar ve \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r. RED<\/em>, 23.11.2011<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yavuz Alogan Hegemonya gayet netameli bir konudur. \u00c7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r: ideolojik hegemonya, siyasi hegemonya, askeri hegemonya, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hegemonya diye uzar gider. Bu hegemonyalar\u0131n hepsini ayn\u0131 anda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek derecede hegemon bir \u015fahsiyete d\u00fcnya tarihinde pek rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gramsci, bu hegemonya i\u015fiyle \u00e7ok u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hegemonyan\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6nce belirli bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ya da ideolojik z\u00fcmrenin temsilcili\u011fine soyunan bir hegemon … <\/p>\n