{"id":783,"date":"2021-05-16T09:55:42","date_gmt":"2021-05-16T07:55:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=783"},"modified":"2021-05-16T09:55:42","modified_gmt":"2021-05-16T07:55:42","slug":"atlar-ve-zebralar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=783","title":{"rendered":"ATLAR VE ZEBRALAR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Zebralar\u0131n vatan\u0131 bellidir.  \u0130lk kez Afrika savanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Ot\u00e7ul hayvanlard\u0131r, otlayarak dola\u015f\u0131rlar. S\u00fcr\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda birle\u015fip topluca hareket ederler.  Atlar kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015famazlar fakat hareket h\u00e2lindeyken derilerindeki \u00e7izgilerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 optik yan\u0131lsama sayesinde pe\u015flerine d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtarak sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 savu\u015fturabilirler. Bu sayede hayatta kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Atlar\u0131n vatan\u0131 ise tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.  Onlar da zebralar gibi ot\u00e7uldur, otlayarak dola\u015f\u0131rlar. S\u00fcr\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Pe\u015flerine d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hayvanlardan d\u00f6rtnala ko\u015farak kurtulurlar.  At geneti\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 onlar\u0131n ilk kez Ukrayna ve g\u00fcneybat\u0131 Rusya bozk\u0131rlar\u0131nda ve \u015fimdiki Kazakistan otlaklar\u0131nda, yakla\u015f\u0131k 6000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce evcille\u015ftiklerini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Atlar insanlarla ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir olduk\u00e7a uysalla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.   \u0130nsano\u011flu at\u0131 e\u011ferleyip \u00fczerine binerek seyahat etmi\u015f, ko\u015fum tak\u0131mlar\u0131 ba\u011flayarak ona arabas\u0131n\u0131 ya da faytonunu \u00e7ektirmi\u015f, s\u0131rt\u0131na heybe vurup y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131tm\u0131\u015f, sabana ko\u015farak tarlas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, g\u00f6zlerini ba\u011flay\u0131p dolap beygiri olarak istihdam etmi\u015f, yar\u0131\u015flarda ve engelli m\u00fcsabakalarda g\u00f6steri hayvan\u0131 olarak kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. At\u0131n ad\u0131 sanayi devrimine bile girmi\u015ftir: \u201cbeygir g\u00fcc\u00fc!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0130lk kez hangi Afrikal\u0131n\u0131n bir at g\u00f6r\u00fcp, \u201cBundan bizim oralarda da var,\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc elbette bilinmiyor. Muhtemelen Mezapotamya\u2019n\u0131n bir yerlerinde g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olmal\u0131.  Bu me\u00e7hul Afrikal\u0131 memleketine d\u00f6n\u00fcnce kement at\u0131p zebralar\u0131 yakalama, onlar\u0131 normal atlar gibi binek ve \u00e7eki hayvan\u0131 ya da tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim arac\u0131 olarak kullanma giri\u015fiminde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Fakat ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Jared Diamond\u2019\u0131n, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0131talarda \u00fc\u00e7 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcfek, Mikrop ve \u00c7elik<\/em> (T\u00fcbitak Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 1997) ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 dikkate de\u011fer kitab\u0131nda belirtti\u011fi gibi, zebralar bu oyuna gelmemi\u015fler. Yap\u0131lar\u0131, yetenek ve karakterleri evcille\u015fmeye m\u00fcsait de\u011filmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, atlar\u0131n aksine zebralar\u0131n insanlar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131rmak ve di\u015fleriyle k\u0131st\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 yeri asla b\u0131rakmamak gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc bir huylar\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f. Bu isyank\u00e2r hayvanlar insanlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda inan\u0131lmaz bir yetenek sergilemi\u015fler. Diamond\u2019\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00fczerine kement at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zebra u\u00e7arak kendisine do\u011fru gelen ilmi\u011fi g\u00f6zleriyle izleyebiliyor ve ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ani bir hareketle e\u011ferek hamleyi savu\u015fturabiliyormu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Bak\u0131n yaban at\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir yetenek yok. Panik h\u00e2linde d\u00f6rtnala kapt\u0131r\u0131p ko\u015farken durum muhakemesi yapamaz, takipteki at\u0131n ya da araban\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131, at\u0131lan kemendin   a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 falan hesaplayamaz. Bir kez enselendi\u011finde her yola gelir.  \u00dcstelik duygusal bir hayvan. Sahibinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6ker, uzatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015fekeri afiyetle yer, ka\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmaktan ho\u015flan\u0131r.  Yar\u0131\u015fta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp aya\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mesela, Anna Karenina\u2019n\u0131n yasak a\u015fk\u0131 Kont Vronskiy\u2019nin  sevgili at\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, sahibi tabancas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekip hayvan\u0131n kafas\u0131na ate\u015f eder. Tolstoy at\u0131n vurulma an\u0131n\u0131 roman\u0131nda u\u011fursuzluk belirtisi olarak kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Silah sesini duyan Anna Karenina irkilir, yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndaki kocas\u0131  Aleksey Aleksandrovi\u00e7 Karenin  boynuzland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fte o anda anlar ve bir aristokrat aile facias\u0131 ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya da iyice ya\u015flan\u0131p yorulan bir at, e\u011fer mezbahaya g\u00f6nderilip salam sucuk olmaktan kurtulacak kadar \u015fansl\u0131ysa, y\u0131lk\u0131 at\u0131 olarak araziye b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Ger\u00e7i Cengiz Aytmatov, \u00fcnl\u00fc roman\u0131nda \u201cKopar Zincirlerini G\u00fclsar\u0131!\u201d  diyor ama G\u00fclsar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n derdi  \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck de\u011fil, bozk\u0131ra ko\u015fup  ger\u00e7ek sahibi  Tanabay\u2019a ula\u015fmak.  Hayvan \u00f6ylesine feci \u015fekilde evcille\u015ftirilmi\u015f ki \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck istemiyor art\u0131k, sahibini ar\u0131yor. Tanabay olmasa ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 bulacak.  Aytmatov, roman\u0131nda kat\u0131 disiplinli kom\u00fcnist partisinin insan\u0131 kulland\u0131ktan sonra f\u0131rlat\u0131p atmas\u0131ndaki ac\u0131 ironiyle G\u00fclsar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelenleri, neredeyse ayn\u0131 zincirlerle ba\u011flanan insan ile hayvan\u0131n trajik kaderini benze\u015ftirir, okura insan\u0131 duyguland\u0131ran bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hasreti aktar\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Neyse, konuyu da\u011f\u0131tmayal\u0131m…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Zebra ehlile\u015fmedi\u011fi, boyun e\u011fmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcrden ac\u0131kl\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fclere de do\u011fal olarak konu edilmemi\u015ftir. \u00d6n\u00fcne geleni \u0131s\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, ard\u0131na geleni tepmi\u015f, savanlarda diledi\u011fi gibi d\u00f6rtnala ko\u015fmu\u015ftur. Elbette k\u00f6leleri yakalay\u0131p gemilerin ambar\u0131na dolduran beyaz adam onu da yakalam\u0131\u015f ve hayvanat bah\u00e7esine t\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r fakat zebran\u0131n karakterini asla de\u011fi\u015ftirememi\u015ftir.  Yine Diamond\u2019un aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, ABD\u2019deki hayvanat bah\u00e7elerinde bak\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 en \u00e7ok yaralayan hayvan, kaplan, aslan gibi y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 et\u00e7iller de\u011fil, ot\u00e7ul zebralar olmu\u015ftur. Zebra, dudaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131p keskin beyaz di\u015flerini g\u00f6stererek insanlara h\u0131rlamakta, onlar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131rmakta ve tekmelemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde mal\u00fbm Rothschild ailesinden Lord Lionel Walter Rothschild  (1868-1937) bu kez zebralara kafay\u0131 takar. \u201cBu kez\u201d diyorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu Lord Lionel   akla hayale gelmeyen yabani hayvanlar\u0131 toplamak ve evcille\u015ftirmek gibi tuhaf bir tutkuya sahiptir. S\u0131ra zebralara gelene kadar kangurular, turnalar, leylekler, vah\u015fi atlar, deveku\u015flar\u0131, kar\u0131ncayiyenler ve dev kaplumba\u011falarla u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Zebralar\u0131 arabaya ko\u015fmak gibi bir tutku edinir. Adam burjuvan\u0131n has\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in vakti bol tabi\u00ee. Uzun u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lardan sonra Lord Lionel iki \u00e7ift zebray\u0131 arabaya ko\u015fmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131r ve arabas\u0131n\u0131 Londra\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7inde dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p Buckingham Saray\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne kadar s\u00fcrerek hava atar ve bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n man\u015fetindeki \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ektirir. Adi herif fayton beygiri rol\u00fc oynatmak i\u00e7in hayvanlara muhtemelen eziyet etmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6steri ve foto\u011fraf tek seferliktir. \u0130nsan\u0131n aptalca bir tutkuyla do\u011faya h\u00fckmetme arzusunun bir kan\u0131t\u0131 olan bu sa\u00e7ma foto\u011fraf zooloji tarihindeki yerini al\u0131r. Sonras\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz.  Lord\u2019un zebralar\u0131 kesinlikle bak\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, tepmi\u015f ve fayton beygirli\u011fi rol\u00fcne kararl\u0131 bir tutumla direnerek Londra hayvanat bah\u00e7esini boylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6yle olmasayd\u0131 zebralar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde atlardan fark\u0131 kalmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0130nsanlara \u00f6zg\u00fc karakter tipleri hayvanlar \u00e2lemini taklit eder. \u00c7evrenize bir bak\u0131n bakal\u0131m, ne kadar at, ne kadar zebra g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz? Sahibini arayan atlar, y\u0131lk\u0131 atlar\u0131, vurulan atlar, yar\u0131\u015f atlar\u0131, dolap beygirleri, s\u00fcrekli ka\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmak isteyen atlar\u2026 Ve hayvanat bah\u00e7esine kapat\u0131lsa bile \u00f6n\u00fcndekini \u0131s\u0131r\u0131p ard\u0131ndakini teperek ehlile\u015fmeyi reddeden fakat tek bir foto\u011fraf karesi i\u00e7in zorla rezil edilen \u00f6zg\u00fcr savanlar\u0131n dikba\u015fl\u0131 zebralar\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Rus devrimcisi Lev Tro\u00e7ki, yanl\u0131\u015f hat\u0131rlam\u0131yorsam Sosyalizmin G\u00fcncel Meseleleri<\/em> (Suda Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 1976) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n bir yerinde, \u201cSadece siyasetle ya\u015fanmaz\u201d demi\u015ftir.  Bu s\u00f6zlerle, su akar deli bakar misali sadece siyasetle u\u011fra\u015fan, mesela g\u00fcn boyu kafas\u0131n\u0131 sosyal medyadan kald\u0131ramayan insan\u0131n zamanla kafay\u0131 yiyece\u011fini, ilgi alanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendiremeyen insan\u0131n siyasete de bir faydas\u0131n\u0131n olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ima etmi\u015ftir. Asl\u0131nda kendisi hayat\u0131 boyunca Rus steplerinden Meksika ormanlar\u0131na kadar tutkulu av ser\u00fcvenleri ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f biridir.  Fakat bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rseydi, eminim ki hayvanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in do\u011fan\u0131n i\u00e7inde elinde t\u00fcfekle dola\u015fan insan\u0131n d\u00fcnya nimetlerini hak etmeyen bir al\u00e7ak oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Herkesin m\u00fcbarek \u015eeker Bayram\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kutluyor, bu kadar s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmayan, n\u00fckleer silahlardan ve sava\u015flardan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir d\u00fcnyada do\u011fayla uyumlu e\u015fitlik\u00e7i toplum hayalleri diliyorum. Veryans\u0131n<\/em>,  16. 05. 2021<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yavuz Alogan          Zebralar\u0131n vatan\u0131 bellidir.  \u0130lk kez Afrika savanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Ot\u00e7ul hayvanlard\u0131r, otlayarak dola\u015f\u0131rlar. S\u00fcr\u00fc ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda birle\u015fip topluca hareket ederler.  Atlar kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015famazlar fakat hareket h\u00e2lindeyken derilerindeki \u00e7izgilerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 optik yan\u0131lsama sayesinde pe\u015flerine d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtarak sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 savu\u015fturabilirler. Bu sayede hayatta kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.           Atlar\u0131n vatan\u0131 ise tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.  Onlar da … <\/p>\n

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