Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sinema end\u00fcstrisi eskiden tarihsel olaylar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011fil arkas\u0131ndan giderdi. II. Sava\u015f\u2019tan sonra Amerikan askerinin kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fccelten Hollywood filmleri d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kaplad\u0131. Normandiya \u00c7\u0131karmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7lerinde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve demokrasiyi kurtarmak i\u00e7in Nazi k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle sava\u015fan, Pasifik adalar\u0131nda vah\u015fi Japonlarla bo\u011fu\u015fan merhametli ve cesur Amerikan askerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, McArthur, Rommel, Mongomery, Patton gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc generallerin \u015fahs\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr trajik asker\u00ee romantizm, bu filmlerin ba\u015fl\u0131ca temas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vietnam filmleri bir bak\u0131ma \u00f6zele\u015ftireldi. Hollywood bu filmlerde kitle \u00e7izgisini yakalad\u0131 ve Amerikan kamuoyunu teselli eden, matem tutan sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 filmlere y\u00f6neldi. Ne de olsa Amerikan Conisi\u2019nin Vietkong kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda rezil olmas\u0131nda Amerikan kamuoyunun medya deste\u011fiyle geli\u015fen sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 tutumu etkili olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eimdi durum de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Atlantik \u00e2leminin sinema end\u00fcstrisi, tarihe g\u00f6ndermede bulunarak konformist bat\u0131 halklar\u0131n\u0131 sava\u015fa haz\u0131rl\u0131yor; \u00f6nden gidiyor. Christopher Nolan\u2019\u0131n Dunkirk<\/em> ve Joe Wright\u2019\u0131n En Karanl\u0131k Saat<\/em> adl\u0131, 2017 yap\u0131m\u0131 filmleri sadece iki \u00f6rnek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birincisi, Alman ordusunun Dunkirk\u2019te ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ngiliz askerlerinin sivil teknelerle kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. \u0130kincisinde ise Churchill, Hitler\u2019in Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 istilas\u0131na kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalarak bar\u0131\u015f isteyen, sava\u015ftan korkan Chamberlain ekibine direniyor, metrodaki s\u0131radan insanlara dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra sava\u015fmaya karar veriyor. Her iki filmde de Churchill\u2019in \u201cher yerde sava\u015faca\u011f\u0131z\u201d temal\u0131 dramatik\/teatral konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kendi sesinden duyuyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc film, Stalin\u2019in \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/em> (Armando Iannucci, 2017) ise olduk\u00e7a tuhaf. Tuhafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi, Stalin\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7evreleyen olaylar\u0131n tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7eklere uygun fakat parodi olarak, yani g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7le\u015ftirilerek anlat\u0131lmas\u0131. Film hi\u00e7bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 atlam\u0131yor: Politb\u00fcro \u00fcyelerinin Malenkov\u2019a \u201cMalenya\u201d diye hitap etmesi, Stalin\u2019in k\u0131sa s\u00fcre komadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki tabloyu i\u015faret etmesi, kurnaz Huru\u015fov\u2019un Beria\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 ince komplosu, karars\u0131z Molotov\u2019un tutuklu kar\u0131s\u0131, \u201cya\u011fmur alt\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp \u0131slanmayan\u201d Anastas Mikoyan\u2019\u0131n kaypakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2026. Sa\u00e7ma sahneler de var. Mesela komik bir operet fig\u00fcr\u00fc gibi g\u00f6sterilen Mare\u015fal Jukov\u2019un kale\u015fnikovla Politb\u00fcroyu basmas\u0131 ya da Beria\u2019n\u0131n cesedinin bah\u00e7eye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p herkesin \u00f6n\u00fcnde yak\u0131lmas\u0131 (Hitler\u2019in ak\u0131betine g\u00f6nderme var gibi!)\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rusya\u2019da yap\u0131lan anketlerde \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn zamanlar\u0131n ve halklar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u015fahsiyeti\u201d olarak se\u00e7ilen Stalin\u2019i, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn bir halk\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131layan film Rusya\u2019da yasakland\u0131. Rus halk\u0131 tarihiyle gurur duyar; yurtsever ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel olarak bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda sinema end\u00fcstrisi, bipolar ki\u015filik bozuklu\u011fu, yani duygusal dengesizli\u011fi olan yar\u0131 alkolik aristokrat Churchill\u2019i halk\u0131 seferber eden sevimli ve dramatik kahraman olarak, kundurac\u0131 Visariyon\u2019un o\u011flu Stalin\u2019i ise le\u015f kargalar\u0131n\u0131n ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 komik bir katil, bir t\u00fcr mafya \u015fefi gibi g\u00f6steriyor. Oysa II. Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130ngilizler Stalin\u2019i \u00e7ok severler, ona \u201cUncle Joe\u201c (Co Amca) derlerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Asl\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar bize sineman\u0131n sadece sinema olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretiyor. D\u00fcnyay\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015flara haz\u0131rl\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Filmi izlerken, 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bak\u00fc\u2019deki Rothschild rafinerisinde i\u015f\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yirmi \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki sosyalist militan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Rafineri ate\u015fe verilir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck grev ba\u015flar. Bir \u00f6nceki gece, Koba (Stalin) komiteyi toplar. Sabaha kadar s\u00fcren toplant\u0131n\u0131n sonunda hep birlikte Var\u015favyanka mar\u015f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerler ve biberli votka kadehlerini i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine kald\u0131r\u0131rlar. Koba, \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201c\u00d6lmekten korkmamal\u0131y\u0131z! G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fuyor. Hayatlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 feda edelim! Tanr\u0131 bize yataklar\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6lmeyi nasip etmesin!\u201d Eski papaz okulu \u00f6\u011frencisinin duas\u0131n\u0131 Tanr\u0131 kabul etmedi. Umar\u0131m vicdanl\u0131 bir Rus y\u00f6netmen \u00e7\u0131kar da Churchill ile Stalin aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 ortaya koyar. Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k<\/em>, 23. 02. 2018 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yavuz Alogan Sinema end\u00fcstrisi eskiden tarihsel olaylar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011fil arkas\u0131ndan giderdi. II. Sava\u015f\u2019tan sonra Amerikan askerinin kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fccelten Hollywood filmleri d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kaplad\u0131. Normandiya \u00c7\u0131karmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7lerinde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve demokrasiyi kurtarmak i\u00e7in Nazi k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle sava\u015fan, Pasifik adalar\u0131nda vah\u015fi Japonlarla bo\u011fu\u015fan merhametli ve cesur Amerikan askerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, McArthur, Rommel, Mongomery, Patton gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc generallerin \u015fahs\u0131nda … <\/p>\n