{"id":1842,"date":"2025-08-24T10:18:53","date_gmt":"2025-08-24T08:18:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=1842"},"modified":"2025-08-24T10:18:53","modified_gmt":"2025-08-24T08:18:53","slug":"devletin-sonumlenmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=1842","title":{"rendered":"DEVLET\u0130N S\u00d6N\u00dcMLENMES\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131lda marksistler bu kavram\u0131 sosyalizmin hedefi ya da amac\u0131 de\u011fil, do\u011fal sonucu, ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 son evre olarak tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin, giderek kafa ve kol eme\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fimin zirvesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir evrede toplum art\u0131k hukuka ihtiya\u00e7 duymayacak, Devlet olanca bask\u0131 ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 ve b\u00fcrokrasisiyle birlikte gereksizle\u015fecek, zamanla s\u00f6n\u00fcmlenecekti. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve m\u00fccadelelerin, a\u011f\u0131r me\u015fakkatin ard\u0131ndan insanl\u0131k kutsal kitaplardaki cennete benzer bir mertebeye eri\u015fecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcnden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda kusursuz bir \u00fctopya gibi duruyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte servet birikiminin ilk a\u015famalar\u0131nda sn\u0131flar nas\u0131l ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bi\u00e7iminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131larsa, \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00fcretim ili\u015fkilerinin geli\u015fti\u011fi ileri bir a\u015famada yine ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bi\u00e7imde ortadan kalkacaklar ve o vakit devlet, geli\u015fmenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir engele d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek,  Friedrich Engels\u2019in \u00fcnl\u00fc ifadesiyle, \u201c\u00fcreticilerin \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve e\u015fit birlikteli\u011fini temel alarak \u00fcretimi yeni ba\u015ftan \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen toplum, b\u00fct\u00fcn devlet mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131, o zaman ait olaca\u011f\u0131 yere, tun\u00e7 baltan\u0131n ve \u00e7\u0131kr\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131na koyacak.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131lda bu iyimser ve zarif teorik hipotezin do\u011frulanabilece\u011fine dair herhangi bir belirti g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakat Devlet farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde s\u00f6n\u00fcmlenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. H\u00e2kim s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bask\u0131 ayg\u0131t\u0131 olan, o s\u0131n\u0131f taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan fakat onunla \u00f6zde\u015f olmayan, ondan ayr\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lanan denetleyici bir \u00f6rg\u00fct olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kan Devlet, topluma kar\u015f\u0131 sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 terk etmeye, bu sorumluluklar\u0131 halk\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcren \u015firketlere devretmeye, zenginler ve firma y\u00f6neticileri taraf\u0131ndan istil\u00e2 edilerek bir \u015firket gibi y\u00f6netilmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En b\u00fcy\u00fck hisseye sahip ki\u015fi olarak devletin ba\u015fkan\u0131 bakanlar kurulunu \u015firketin m\u00fctevelli heyeti gibi y\u00f6netiyor, hissedarlar parlamento denilen yap\u0131da kanun yap\u0131yor, birka\u00e7 y\u0131lda bir muazzam bir rekl\u00e2m ve beyin y\u0131kama kampanyas\u0131na sahne olan karnaval benzeri se\u00e7imler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fcven tazeleniyor ve ayn\u0131 toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131ftan farkl\u0131 ki\u015filerle sistem yoluna devam ediyor. \u0130ktidar ile iktidara gelmeye en yak\u0131n muhalefet aras\u0131ndaki farklar siliniyor; toplumun alt kesimlerini, ger\u00e7ek halk\u0131 temsil eden, siyasete \u00e7o\u011fulcu bir g\u00f6rsellik vermenin \u00f6tesinde g\u00fc\u00e7 toplamalar\u0131 itinayla engellenen siyas\u00ee partiler kenarlara itilerek etkisiz varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar, her se\u00e7imde hezimete u\u011fruyorlar. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ge\u00e7iren Devlet, yasalar ve kararnamelerle halk\u0131 ya\u011fmal\u0131yor ve serveti kendi adamlar\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDemokrasi\u201d dedikleri y\u00f6netim sisteminin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde indirgendi\u011fi d\u00fczey budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Devlet, kendi b\u00fcrokrasisiyle ayr\u0131\/denetleyici bir \u00f6zne olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karak h\u00e2kim s\u0131n\u0131fla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f, siyaset ve medya ticar\u00eele\u015fmi\u015f, toplum birbirini g\u00f6rmekte ve anlamakta zorlanan bir g\u00f6steri toplulu\u011fu olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, mevzi direni\u015f odaklar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fmesi engellenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yap\u0131 ve onun atmosferi en geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkelerde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131, oradan orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte ya da zay\u0131f \u00fclkelere kadar yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn her k\u00f6\u015fesine sirayet etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hangi \u00fclkenin yurtta\u015f\u0131 cep telefonundan, televizyon dizilerinden, videolardan kafas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p yukar\u0131ya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bir zamanlar kendisine ait zannetti\u011fi Devlet\u2019i tan\u0131yabilir?  Bildi\u011fimiz Devlet temel i\u015flevlerini kaybederek s\u00f6n\u00fcmlenmeye, onu ele ge\u00e7iren s\u0131n\u0131f her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zihinsel \u00fcretim arac\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alman \u0130deolojisi<\/em>\u2019nde Marx ve Engels \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015flerdi: \u201cMaddi \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduran s\u0131n\u0131f, zihinsel \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da elinde bulundurur \u2026 Egemen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, egemen maddi ili\u015fkilerin fikirsel ifadesinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.\u201d  G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki fark, h\u00e2kim s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n maddi \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Devlet\u2019i de elinde bulunduruyor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Onu art\u0131k bir \u201cayg\u0131t\u201d olarak kullanm\u0131yor, kendisi Devlet olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teknolojik ilerlemeyi arabas\u0131na ko\u015fmu\u015f d\u00f6rt nala s\u00fcrerek y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 fethetmeye, insanlar\u0131n geneti\u011fiyle oynamaya, robotlardan olu\u015fmu\u015f ordular kurmaya, insans\u0131z ve \u0131\u015f\u0131ks\u0131z fabrikalarla insan eme\u011fini \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinden d\u0131\u015flamaya, mek\u00e2nsal olarak b\u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc proletaryay\u0131 bir \u00f6zne olmaktan tamamen \u00e7\u0131karmaya haz\u0131rlanan bu Devlet, geli\u015fmenin belirli bir evresinde hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz yoksulla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131\/i\u015fsizle\u015ftirdi\u011fi, mal\u0131na m\u00fclk\u00fcne, topra\u011f\u0131na a\u011fac\u0131na ku\u015funa el koydu\u011fu milyarlarca insan\u0131n \u00f6fkesiyle   y\u00fcz y\u00fcze gelecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ne?  \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada Devlet\u2019i tek bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n elinden kurtararak onu b\u00fct\u00fcn halk\u0131n devleti olarak yeniden in\u015fa etmek, onun temel i\u015flevlerini geri almakt\u0131r.  Bu da ancak \u201cyurtta\u015fl\u0131k\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 savunmakla, etnik-dinsel-cinsel vs haklar\u0131n yerine Yurtta\u015f Haklar\u0131\u2019n\u0131, Toplum S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini, ulus-devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 getirmekle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcne kadar etkileri en uzun s\u00fcren iki b\u00fcy\u00fck devrim oldu: Frans\u0131z Devrimi (1789) ve Ekim Devrimi (1917).  Tarih\u00e7i Eric Hobsbawm, 1991\u2019den (reel sosyalist sistemlerin \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tarih) \u00e7ok \u00f6nce bug\u00fcne \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan bir \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcde bulunarak, Ekim Devrimi\u2019yle ba\u015flayan s\u00fcrecin, \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi ve yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkilerin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Frans\u0131z Devrimi\u2019ne k\u0131yasla \u201cc\u00fcce\u201d kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fczde geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerden en zay\u0131f \u00fclkelere kadar her yerde soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, e\u015fitlik, karde\u015flik (laiklik), anayasal g\u00fcvence, sosyal refah talep etmeleri bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcy\u00fc do\u011frulamakt\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar bu taleplerin ancak halk\u0131n meclisi (Konvansiyon), Toplum S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve halk\u0131n devletiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini anlayacaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde parlamentolara, siyas\u00ee partilere, medyaya, genel se\u00e7im g\u00f6sterilerine olan g\u00fcven azalmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar giderek nas\u0131l y\u00f6netildiklerini anlayacaklar, buna raz\u0131 olmayacaklar ve ortak taleplerde birle\u015feceklerdir. Siyas\u00ee yelpazenin solunu, sa\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ortas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden tan\u0131mlayacak olan da bu m\u00fccadeledir.  Bu m\u00fccadele ge\u00e7mi\u015f fikirlerden \u00e7\u0131kmayacak, yeni fikirler bu m\u00fccadeleden \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130leriki evrelerde iyice z\u0131vanadan \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan mevcut d\u00fcnya sisteminin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin halklar\u0131nda yurtta\u015fl\u0131k temelinde genel ayaklanma fikrine yol a\u00e7mamas\u0131 neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.  Bunu bildikleri i\u00e7in ulus-devlet ve yurtta\u015fl\u0131k fikrini yok etmeye, etnik-dinsel-cinsel haklar kavram\u0131n\u0131 icat ederek toplu m\u00fccadele imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6reltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Veryans\u0131n<\/em>, 24. 08. 2025 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yavuz Alogan Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131lda marksistler bu kavram\u0131 sosyalizmin hedefi ya da amac\u0131 de\u011fil, do\u011fal sonucu, ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 son evre olarak tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. \u00dcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin, giderek kafa ve kol eme\u011fi aras\u0131ndaki ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fimin zirvesine ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir evrede toplum art\u0131k hukuka ihtiya\u00e7 duymayacak, Devlet olanca bask\u0131 ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 ve b\u00fcrokrasisiyle birlikte gereksizle\u015fecek, zamanla … <\/p>\n

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