{"id":1631,"date":"2024-06-16T09:38:46","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T07:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=1631"},"modified":"2024-06-16T09:38:46","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T07:38:46","slug":"solun-gunesi-nasil-batti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yavuzalogan.com\/?p=1631","title":{"rendered":"SOLUN G\u00dcNE\u015e\u0130 NASIL BATTI?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131\u00e7rak fikirli   k\u0131yamet \u00f6ncesi filozofu Slavoj Zizek\u2019in   hen\u00fcz t\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131mlanmayan \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck: Tedavisi Olmayan Bir Hastal\u0131k\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ilgin\u00e7 bir al\u0131nt\u0131 var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Romal\u0131lar bizim i\u00e7in ne yapt\u0131lar, diye soruluyor. Cevap \u015f\u00f6yle: s\u0131hhi tesisat, t\u0131p, e\u011fitim, \u015farap, kamu d\u00fczeni, sulama sistemi, kara yollar\u0131, temiz su sistemi ve halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki, yeni kom\u00fcnizm bizim i\u00e7in ne yapacak? Genel sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti, ekonominin toplumsal d\u00fczenlenmesi ve paras\u0131z e\u011fitim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu indirgemede i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6nemi tasvir eden derin bir ironi var. Sosyalizm, tarihsel k\u0131r\u0131lmalarla heder olmay\u0131p Avrupa Parlamentosu\u2019na h\u00e2kim olsayd\u0131, ne yapacakt\u0131? Yukar\u0131daki tan\u0131m\u0131 biraz geni\u015fletirsek, Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda iktisadi planlama, toplumsal kalk\u0131nma, paras\u0131z sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti ve e\u011fitim, n\u00fcfus kontrol\u00fc\/demografik planlama, ABD\u2019nin vesayetinden kurtulu\u015f ve  gelecek perspektifi olarak, evreler h\u00e2linde kollektif m\u00fclkiyete ge\u00e7i\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyalistler tekil \u00fclkelerde buna benzer programlar\u0131 kaybetmekle kalmad\u0131lar, olas\u0131 program\u0131n ba\u015fta kamuculuk olmak \u00fczere \u00f6nemli maddelerini sa\u011fa kapt\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa solundan geriye kalan, g\u00f6\u00e7menlere kucak a\u00e7ma, etnik\/dinsel\/dilsel\/cinsel haklar\u0131n yurtta\u015fl\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7irilerek insan haklar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda hararetle savunulmas\u0131, ulus-devlete kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel otonomi (\u00f6zerlik), postmodernizm (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan g\u00fczeldir), \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck anlat\u0131lar\u201ddan ka\u00e7\u0131nma, \u00e7evre duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, n\u00fckleer enerji kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u015feyler. Gene de Avrupal\u0131 solcu \u201cAlmanca edebiyat\u201d ya da \u201cBen \u0130spanyal\u0131y\u0131m\u201d diyecek kadar kimlik kayb\u0131na u\u011framad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tipik bir Avrupal\u0131 sosyalist, bana, Norman Mailer\u2019\u0131n \u201cBarbarl\u0131k K\u0131y\u0131s\u0131\u201dnda ya\u015fl\u0131 bir sosyalistin bilin\u00e7 durumunu tan\u0131mlarken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu ifadeyi hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor: batm\u0131\u015f bir gemiden artakalan kalaslar y\u00fcz\u00fcyordu zihninde\u2026 Batm\u0131\u015f programlar\u0131n liberalizmle melezle\u015fmi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geriye do\u011fru bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bildi\u011fimiz sosyalizmin son perdesinin  1970\u2019lerde \u201cAvrupa Kom\u00fcnizmi\u201dnin (Avrokom\u00fcnizm) \u00fczerine kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. \u0130talyan, \u0130spanyol ve Frans\u0131z kom\u00fcnist partilerinin (KP\u2019ler) ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hareket, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde 1956\u2019da ba\u015flayan Stalinsizle\u015ftirme kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n sonucuydu. Avrupal\u0131 KP\u2019ler  Moskova\u2019dan koparak tabanlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmeye, orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 kapsamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bol\u015fevizm\u2019i ve \u201cproletaryan\u0131n devrimci demokratik diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d fikrini reddettiler. \u0130talyan KP\u2019si \u201ctarihsel uzla\u015fma\u201d ba\u015flatarak H\u0131ristiyan Demokratlar\u2019la ittifak kurdu. Avrokom\u00fcnizm ak\u0131m\u0131 1980\u2019lerde bir dizi se\u00e7im yenilgisiyle da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. Se\u00e7men onlar\u0131 tutars\u0131z bulmu\u015f, g\u00fcvenmemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elbette bunun evveliyat\u0131 da vard\u0131. Lenin\u2019in 1919\u2019da kurdu\u011fu III. Enternasyonal (Komintern)  Stalin taraf\u0131ndan  1943\u2019te Roosevelt ve Churchill\u2019e g\u00fcvence vermek i\u00e7in kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Ondan \u00f6nce, 1930\u2019larda Sovyet ajanlar\u0131 Stalinizm\u2019in muhaliflerine kar\u015f\u0131 Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir \u015fiddet\/sindirme kampanyas\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. (Tar\u0131k Ali\u2019nin \u201cAyna Korkusu\u201d roman\u0131nda ya\u015fl\u0131 kom\u00fcnist Vlady, o\u011flu Karl\u2019a yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplarda, bu d\u00f6neme ili\u015fkin a\u011f\u0131r bir vicdan muhasebesi yapar.) Yine 1939\u2019da Hitler-Stalin Pakt\u0131 Avrupal\u0131 sosyalistler i\u00e7in tarihsel bir k\u0131r\u0131lma \u00e2n\u0131yd\u0131. Fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele Rus jeopoliti\u011fine feda edilmi\u015fti. Zaten Komintern de \u201centernasyonal\u201d olmaktan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f politika ayg\u0131t\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 68 gen\u00e7lik isyan\u0131n\u0131n bir hedefi de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f politikalar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakat en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131r\u0131lma, hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, 1990\u2019lardan itibaren reel sosyalizmin, Kremlin merkezli sol hareketlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra b\u00fct\u00fcn ele\u015ftirel sol ak\u0131mlar\u0131 olanca arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131yla birlikte pe\u015fi s\u0131ra s\u00fcr\u00fckleyerek tarih sahnesinden \u00e7ekilmesi, birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcketim k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle beslenen bireycilikte e\u015fitlenmesi, etnik ve din\u00ee ayr\u0131\u015fmaya giden yollar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131. Doksanl\u0131 y\u0131llarda vah\u015fi kapitalizmin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kapitalizm, kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131na bakarak kendisine \u00e7ekid\u00fczen verme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131, fren mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.   Sovyet sisteminin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ve \u00c7in\u2019in \u201cd\u00f6rt modernle\u015fme\u201d program\u0131yla kapitalizme ge\u00e7mesi, sendikalar\u0131n neoliberalizmle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ferek mafyala\u015fmas\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sosyal demokrat, sosyalist, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i \u00f6\u011fretisini bir an i\u00e7in insanl\u0131\u011fa, ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir \u00fctopya, bir t\u00fcr \u015fehir efsanesi gibi g\u00f6sterdi.  G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn tarih kitaplar\u0131nda isimleri \u201cdiktat\u00f6r\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en Josip Broz Tito, Cemal Abd\u00fclnas\u0131r, Fidel Castro gibi liderlerin \u00f6nderli\u011finde kurulan \u201cBa\u011flant\u0131s\u0131zlar Hareketi\u201d nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara eklendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fakat bunun da evveliyat\u0131 vard\u0131. Ortam de\u011fi\u015fiyordu. II. Enternasyonal partileri, sosyal demokratlar, k\u00fcresel neoliberal sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 durduramad\u0131lar.  Direni\u015fte \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fc\u00e7 isim oldu: Alman \u015eans\u00f6lyesi Willy Brandt (g.1969-1974), Fransa Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Fran\u00e7ois Mitterand (g.1981-1995) ve \u0130sve\u00e7 Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Olof Palme (g.1982-1986).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00fc\u00e7 lider yakla\u015fan felaketi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Brandt, kuzey-g\u00fcney \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki servet e\u015fitsizli\u011fini insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu olarak saptam\u0131\u015f, a\u00e7l\u0131k, e\u011fitimsizlik ve sefaletin giderilmesi i\u00e7in kuzey \u00fclkelerinin g\u00fcney \u00fclkeleriyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131n\u0131 savunan \u201cBrandt Raporlar\u0131\u201dn\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mitterand, ba\u015fl\u0131ca sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kamula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131, sosyal yard\u0131m sistemini yenilemeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir programla iktidara gelmi\u015fti.  Olof Palme \u00e2dil bir k\u00fcresel iktisad\u00ee sistemi savunuyor, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya \u00fclkelerinde toplumsal kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in programlar haz\u0131rl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mitterand se\u00e7im yoluyla yerini \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeci Jacques Chirac\u2019a b\u0131rakt\u0131, Brandt komployla devrildi, Olof Palme ise cinayete kurban gitti. Sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyd\u00fc, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel yanlar\u0131, yayg\u0131n medya deste\u011fi vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sosyal Demokrasi buzk\u0131ran rol\u00fc oynam\u0131\u015f, sendikalar\u0131 ve sol hareketleri her defas\u0131nda beraberinde y\u00fckseltmi\u015fti (bizde de her y\u00fckseli\u015finde Ecevit -kendisi istemese, hatta rahats\u0131z olsa da- devrimci sendikal m\u00fccadelenin ve sosyalist solun yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131). Bill Clinton ile Tony Blair\u2019i birle\u015ftiren \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yol\u201d sosyal demokrasiyi neoliberal kapitalizmin yoluna soktu. Reaganomics ve Thatcherizm d\u00fcnya ekonomisini yeniden bi\u00e7imlendirdi.  Sosyal refah devletini korumak, k\u00fcresel  e\u015fitsizli\u011fe \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn giri\u015fimler ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frad\u0131. Kapitalizmin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi, \u015firketlerin ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fmas\u0131; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n co\u011frafi olarak da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, kendi i\u00e7inde tabakala\u015farak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck birimlere b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi, sendikalar\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sol g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc emek\u00e7i kitlelerden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2008\u2019de ba\u015flayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Resesyon\u2019a kadar devletler, yerel y\u00f6netimler ve hane halklar\u0131 neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bor\u00e7lanma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 sayesinde toplam hayat standard\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckselttiler. Yakla\u015f\u0131k yirmi y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre boyunca Devlet\u2019in piyasay\u0131 denetleme ve d\u00fczenleme i\u015flevine gerek kalmam\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc. Piyasan\u0131n \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnmez eli\u201d b\u00fct\u00fcn ekonomileri harmanlayarak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc, zengini anormal bi\u00e7imde zenginle\u015ftirirken, yoksulu belirli bir hayat standard\u0131 seviyesinde tutabildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resesyon bu d\u00f6nemin sonu oldu, pandemiyle birle\u015ferek neoliberal sistemi kendisini \u00fcretemeyecek, se\u00e7enek olu\u015fturamayacak, yoksulu asgari hayat seviyesinde tutamayacak \u015fekilde iflasa s\u00fcr\u00fckledi.  Yeni bir sermaye birikim modeli aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar fakat bulamad\u0131lar. Girdikleri batakl\u0131ktan neo-Keynesyen bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ar\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu arada g\u00fcvencesiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, sosyal haklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlanan, gelece\u011fi olmayan kitleler ayaklanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.  Entegrasyonu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan g\u00f6\u00e7menler istihdam sorunlar\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bozulma yaratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Proletaryay\u0131 da i\u00e7eren prekarya kavram\u0131 y\u00fckselen kitle hareketlerini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu durumda Avrupa halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olup bitenlerin  ba\u015f sorumlusu liberallere, liberallerin yardak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 h\u0131ristiyan demokratlara, zihninde y\u00fczen kalaslar\u0131 programatik bi\u00e7imde birle\u015ftiremeyen kafas\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k solculara de\u011fil de en u\u00e7taki sa\u011fc\u0131lara oy vermesi gayet do\u011fald\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AB Parlamentosu se\u00e7imlerini \u201cfa\u015fizmin ayak sesleri\u201d diye yorumlamak, sa\u011fc\u0131 partilerin kazand\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgeleri SA\u2019ya atfen kahverengiye boyamak abestir. Avrupa\u2019da halk\u0131n neoliberal iktisat politikalar\u0131na tepkisine sa\u011fc\u0131lar sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, neoliberalizmle a\u015f\u0131lanan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc solcu nal toplad\u0131. Hakikat budur.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde ulus-devletin, mill\u00ee egemenli\u011fin ve kamucu iktisat politikalar\u0131n\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne tan\u0131k olabiliriz. Avrupa\u2019da sa\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi orta vadede (vakit kal\u0131rsa) NATO-Rusya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme potansiyeline de sahip g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa sa\u011f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc soldan daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u015eu sava\u015f ve kriz konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fcnde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi Erdo\u011fan-Bah\u00e7eli-\u00d6zel vs yerine Meloni- Le Pen- Orban benzeri ki\u015filerin y\u00f6netmesini tercih ederdim.  Hi\u00e7 olmazsa sahte g\u00fcndemler yaratarak halk\u0131n dikkatini en temel sorunlardan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorlar. Tutulacak k\u00f6\u015feleri, ilkeleri var. Bukalemun gibi konduklar\u0131 her zeminin rengini alm\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu uzun ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k yaz\u0131y\u0131 buraya kadar okumay\u0131 ba\u015faran okurun Kurban Bayram\u0131\u2019n\u0131 kutluyorum. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l, hatta ay i\u00e7inde maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131 muazzam i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f \u015foklar\u0131n sa\u011fc\u0131s\u0131 solcusuyla T\u00fcrk halk\u0131na ulusal egemenlik ve tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k bilinci, kat\u0131ks\u0131z bir mill\u00ee \u015fuur ve m\u00fccadele azmi kazand\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 diliyorum. Veryans\u0131n<\/em>, 16. 06. 2024   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yavuz Alogan S\u0131\u00e7rak fikirli   k\u0131yamet \u00f6ncesi filozofu Slavoj Zizek\u2019in   hen\u00fcz t\u00fcrk\u00e7e yay\u0131mlanmayan \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck: Tedavisi Olmayan Bir Hastal\u0131k\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ilgin\u00e7 bir al\u0131nt\u0131 var. Romal\u0131lar bizim i\u00e7in ne yapt\u0131lar, diye soruluyor. Cevap \u015f\u00f6yle: s\u0131hhi tesisat, t\u0131p, e\u011fitim, \u015farap, kamu d\u00fczeni, sulama sistemi, kara yollar\u0131, temiz su sistemi ve halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir \u015fey! Peki, … <\/p>\n

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