Yavuz Alogan<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Her yazar i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Tarihin \u00e7ok eski zamanlar\u0131na dair olsa da anlat\u0131lan olaylar ve yarat\u0131lan karakterler yazar\u0131n i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n izini ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi a\u015f\u0131p da b\u00fct\u00fcn zamanlara hitap edebilen, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karakterlerle sadece kendi d\u00f6neminin insanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileyebilen yazar \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Miguel Cervantes Saavedra bu yazarlardan biridir. Ne zaman do\u011fdu\u011fu bilinmez, fakat \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi ve yeri kesindir: 23 Nisan 1616, Madrid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuhaf bir hayat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, sokak kavgalar\u0131nda adam yaralad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in zindanlara at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, askere yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, 1571\u2019de Osmanl\u0131 donanmas\u0131 ile \u0130spanyol-Venedik Armadas\u0131 aras\u0131nda Lepanto K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde (\u0130nebaht\u0131) patlak veren deniz sava\u015f\u0131nda cansiperane sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcnden iki yara alm\u0131\u015f ve bir top g\u00fcllesi sol elini u\u00e7urmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn bu olup bitenlerden sonra Cervantes ortadan kaybolmu\u015f ve Becerikli \u015e\u00f6valye Mancha\u2019l\u0131 Don Quixote<\/em>\u2019yi (bildi\u011fimiz Donki\u015fot) yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6valyeye Don Kihote dememiz daha uygun olurdu; lakin, transliterasyon sorunu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, t\u0131pk\u0131 Shakespeare\u2019e \u015eaksiper ya da \u015eekispiyer denildi\u011fi gibi, \u201cmahzun y\u00fczl\u00fc \u015f\u00f6valye\u201dnin ad\u0131 da dilimize Donki\u015fot olarak girmi\u015f ve \u00f6ylece kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don Kihote anakronik bir fig\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feyler insana komik gelir. Ma\u011frur ve kay\u0131ts\u0131z birer d\u00fc\u015fman gibi y\u00fckselen yel de\u011firmenlerine elde karg\u0131 sald\u0131rarak peri\u015fan olmas\u0131; \u015fi\u015fko hanc\u0131y\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir asilzade, \u00e7irkin kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 soylu bir prenses, \u00fczerine bindi\u011fi s\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc beygirini ger\u00e7ek bir s\u00fcvari k\u00fcheylan\u0131, kafas\u0131na ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi t\u0131ra\u015f \u00e7ana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmana korku salan \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 bir mi\u011ffer, Aynalar \u015e\u00f6valyesi k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcnen bakkal\u0131 (yoksa kasab\u0131n \u00e7\u0131ra\u011f\u0131 m\u0131yd\u0131?) en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 gibi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131 g\u00fcld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don Kihote umutsuz ve imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hedefler u\u011fruna beyhude m\u00fccadele eden bir hayalperest olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ama ger\u00e7ek \u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Asl\u0131nda \u015e\u00f6valye, insan cesaretinin \u015f\u00e2hikas\u0131d\u0131r. Onurlu ve adil bir d\u00fcnya u\u011fruna m\u00fccadele eden insan\u0131n sonsuz hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131t\u0131r. \u0130yilerin koruyucusu ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r k\u00f6t\u00fclerin\u2026 K\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 bu u\u011furda kullanmak ister.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nitekim Che Guevara\u2019n\u0131n Bolivya\u2019da \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce girdi\u011fi son silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada kaybetti\u011fi \u00e7antas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan iki kitaptan birinin Manchal\u0131 \u015e\u00f6valye<\/em> olmas\u0131 tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir (di\u011feri, Lev Tro\u00e7ki\u2019nin Rus Devrim Tarihi<\/em>\u2019dir). Ye\u015fil bereliler ve CIA\u2019n\u0131n adamlar\u0131, onun Villagrande\u2019den ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu \u00e7antay\u0131 inceleyerek saptam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don Kihote \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczy\u0131llara h\u00fckmetmesinin bir nedeni de elbette devrimcilerdir. Kendisinden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck, devasa g\u00fc\u00e7lere meydan okuyan, durum ne kadar umutsuz olursa olsun m\u00fccadeleden vazge\u00e7meyen, her yenilgiden bir zafer \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 hayal eden, insanda en \u00e7ok iyi ve soylu olan\u0131 g\u00f6rebilen, en az\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131ndan bile centilmence bir d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f bekleyen insan, devrimcidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Onun ruhunu Dresden barikatlar\u0131nda k\u00fckreyen Bakunin\u2019in sesinde; \u0130talya\u2019dan Latin Amerika\u2019ya, \u0130ngiltere\u2019den M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a kadar indi\u011fi her limanda i\u015f\u00e7ileri ayaklanmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran Errico Malatesta\u2019n\u0131n hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcnde; \u201cTeori gridir, hayat a\u011fac\u0131 ye\u015fil\u201d diyen Rosa Luxemburg\u2019un Spartakus Bund\u2019unda; Paris Kom\u00fcn\u00fc sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131nda; Tro\u00e7ki\u2019nin IV Enternasyonal\u2019inde ve 1938 Ge\u00e7i\u015f Program\u0131\u2019nda; Lenin\u2019i ele\u015ftiren Maksim Gorki\u2019nin mektuplar\u0131nda buluyoruz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eu s\u00f6zler, mesela, Don Kihote\u2019ye ne kadar yak\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u00d6lmekten korkmamal\u0131y\u0131z! G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fuyor. Hayatlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 feda edelim! Tanr\u0131 bize yataklar\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6lmeyi nasip etmesin!\u201d (Hen\u00fcz Stalin olmayan Yosif Visaryonovi\u00e7 \u201cKoba\u201dn\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fck Bak\u00fc grevini ba\u015flatmadan \u00f6nce i\u015f\u00e7ilere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmadan. Daha sonra i\u015f\u00e7ilerle votka kadehini toku\u015fturur; ertesi g\u00fcn Rotschild rafinerisini ate\u015fe verir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck grev ba\u015flar. Sene, 1901\u2019dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u0131ssadan Hisse<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130nsan biraz da kendisi i\u00e7in devrimcidir, fakat hi\u00e7 kimse tek ba\u015f\u0131na devrimcilik yapamaz. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fct\u00fcn devrimci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler, \u201cbir ruh hali olarak devrimcilik\u201d ile kitleleri harekete ge\u00e7irmeyi hedefleyen devrimcili\u011fi birbirinden ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Lenin\u2019in bilinen ilk yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hepsinde, bir \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemin yaln\u0131z ve devrimci Narodnik tiplemesine biraz alayc\u0131 g\u00f6ndermeler vard\u0131r. Bu alayc\u0131l\u0131k, \u201cara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m, inceledim, s\u00f6yledim ve ruhumu kurtard\u0131m, b\u00f6ylece huzur buldum,\u201d diyen, d\u00f6nemin entelekt\u00fcel muhaliflerini de kapsar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Asl\u0131nda yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na koydu\u011fum s\u00f6z, bilindi\u011fi gibi, Marx\u2019a aittir. Alman Sosyal Demokrasisi\u2019nin Gotha Program\u0131\u2019na ili\u015fkin notlar\u0131n\u0131 bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn Latincesiyle bitirir: dixi et salvavi animam meam<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu s\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcn ba\u011flam\u0131ndan kopararak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze getirdi\u011fimizde, herkesin s\u00f6yleyip ruhunu kurtarma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bi\u00e7imde geni\u015flemi\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Duvar\u2019\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dengesinin bozulmas\u0131ndan sonra kapitalist sistemin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, ileti\u015fim devriminin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin yard\u0131m\u0131yla, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc potansiyel muhalefeti geni\u015f bir ku\u015fatma ve s\u0131k\u0131 bir g\u00f6zetim alt\u0131nda tutmay\u0131 becerebilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alanda her \u015feyi sorgulayabilir, yaz\u0131p s\u00f6yleyebilirsiniz. Siyasi partiler kurabilir, dergiler \u00e7\u0131karabilir, kitaplar yazabilir, hatta televizyon yay\u0131nlar\u0131 yapabilirsiniz. Sizi GSM operat\u00f6rlerinden, internet sunucular\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli olarak izleyebilir, potansiyelinizi ve yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z etkinin \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 grafik olarak \u00f6l\u00e7ebilirler. \u00d6te yanda, geni\u015f kitleler tam bir medya bombard\u0131man\u0131 alt\u0131nda, kendilerini olduklar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc g\u00f6rmeye y\u00f6neltilirler. S\u0131radan insan\u0131 \u00f6yle bir hale getirmi\u015flerdir ki bor\u00e7lanarak her \u015feye sahip olabilece\u011fini, sahip olduk\u00e7a daha mutlu olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131r ve bir anafor i\u00e7inde kendi gelece\u011fini, kendisinin ve b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fclalesinin gelecekteki potansiyel gelirini bug\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u00fcketim kal\u0131plar\u0131na riayet etmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fc bir i\u015ftahla yiyip t\u00fcketir. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkenin tarihini, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n durumunu, herhangi bir siyasi olay\u0131 tamamen farkl\u0131 bir \u0131\u015f\u0131kta g\u00f6rmesi, kendisini iyi hissetmesi, her \u015fey yolundaym\u0131\u015f gibi davranmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Geceleri sokaklar bo\u015fal\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc herkes televizyon ba\u015f\u0131nda dizi film seyretmekte, dizi kahramanlar\u0131nda kendisini bulmakta ve giderek onlar gibi konu\u015fup davranmaya \u00f6zenmektedir. Her mizaca ve her \u00f6zleme g\u00f6re bir dizi film bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Kurtlar Vadisi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f politika analizi, siyasi partilerin y\u0131llarca diplomatl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f uzmanlar\u0131n\u0131n analizinden daha etkili olur. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131n\u0131n fena halde \u00e7uvallad\u0131\u011f\u0131, memleketin sava\u015f\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine geldi\u011fi bir s\u0131rada, futbol aleminin \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131 ve kahramanlar\u0131; cinayet, tecav\u00fcz, kar\u0131 koca ihaneti, mankenlerin ve artistlerin t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitli h\u00e2lleri ana-ak\u0131m medyada birden \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar olurken, \u00e7o\u011fu se\u00e7imle belediyelerde g\u00f6reve gelmi\u015f y\u00fczlerce K\u00fcrt yurtta\u015f a\u00e7l\u0131k grevinde \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn e\u015fi\u011fine gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kapitalist sistem, t\u00fcketici dedi\u011fi s\u0131radan insan\u0131n ola\u011fan hayat ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, tarihinin hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6neminde bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kadar s\u0131k\u0131 bir denetim alt\u0131nda tutmay\u0131 ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Elini s\u0131radan insan\u0131n beyninin i\u00e7ine sokmu\u015f bir kapitalizmle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Eskiden sadece s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcyordu; \u015fimdi ruhunu ele ge\u00e7irip onu kendi suretinde yeniden yarat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yine de \u00fcz\u00fclmeyiniz. Emperyalist kapitalizmin bu seferki devrevi krizini bir d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131yla a\u015fma ihtimali zay\u0131ft\u0131r, zira \u00fcretti\u011fi askeri teknoloji kendi mezar\u0131n\u0131 kazacak kadar geli\u015fti. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00f6lgesel sava\u015flarla idare edecek ve yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 felaketleri kendi \u00fczerine \u00e7ekecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00dcstelik, 1929\u2019dan sonraki gibi yeni bir sermaye birikim modeli geli\u015ftirmesine elvermeyecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131 ve sanalla\u015ft\u0131. Bizzat yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fc veletler sanal alemde d\u00f6rt d\u00f6nerek en g\u00fcvenilir bankalar\u0131n ve sigorta \u015firketlerinin alt\u0131n\u0131 oydu. Dizginsiz kapitalizmin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fck ve t\u00fcketme h\u0131rs\u0131 kendi kuyusunu kendi merkezlerinde kazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Pazarlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na dayand\u0131; bencilli\u011fi ve al\u00e7akl\u0131\u011f\u0131, havay\u0131, suyu, ormanlar\u0131 rezil etti. Arabas\u0131 benzinsiz kalmas\u0131n diye katliamlara giri\u015fti. Uzayda bir canl\u0131 toplulu\u011fu bulsa, yeni pazard\u0131r diye, hemen hamburgerini ket\u00e7ab\u0131n\u0131 mayonezini, cep telefonunu, bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131, son model arabas\u0131n\u0131 satmaya ko\u015facak. On parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda on pire, bu seferki krizini nas\u0131l a\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto\u2019da denildi\u011fi gibi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKendi \u00fcretim, de\u011fi\u015fim ve m\u00fclkiyet ili\u015fkileriyle modern burjuva toplumu, b\u00f6ylesine devasa \u00fcretim ve de\u011fi\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f bulunan bu toplum, \u00f6l\u00fcler diyar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcleriyle harekete ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7leri art\u0131k kontrol edemeyen b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcye benziyor.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don Kihote\u2019yi z\u0131rhlar\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fan\u0131p, belinde k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131, elinde karg\u0131s\u0131 Rosinante\u2019ye binerek malik\u00e2nesinden \u00e7\u0131kmaya zorlayan d\u00fcrt\u00fc, bir salg\u0131n gibi yay\u0131larak, b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn hakk\u0131ndan gelecektir. RED<\/em>,<\/a> 26.10.2012<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yavuz Alogan Her yazar i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Tarihin \u00e7ok eski zamanlar\u0131na dair olsa da anlat\u0131lan olaylar ve yarat\u0131lan karakterler yazar\u0131n i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal ko\u015fullar\u0131n izini ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi a\u015f\u0131p da b\u00fct\u00fcn zamanlara hitap edebilen, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karakterlerle sadece kendi d\u00f6neminin insanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileyebilen yazar \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Miguel Cervantes Saavedra bu … <\/p>\n